Jains do not ask for any favors or material benefits from the tirthankaras or monastics. The prayer is done towards the guṇa (the good qualities) of the gods, teachers and the saints. There is no mention of any particular names of the gods or any specific person. The practitioner finally says that this mantra is the most auspicious one.Wishes for well-being of each and every living entity.All of his or her karmas can get destroyed and.The practitioner also says that by bowing to all these five supreme souls,.Sādhu - The monks or sages in the world practicing Samyak Charitra (right conduct).Upadhyaya - Preceptor of less advanced ascetics.Acharyas - The teachers who teach how to behave / live one's life ( Acharya = one who teaches Aacharan ).Siddha - The persons who have achieved "Siddhi".Arihant- Those who have destroyed the four inimical karmas.Meaning īelow is the meaning of Namokar Mantra line by line, wherein the devotee first bows to the five supreme souls or Pañca-Parameṣṭhi: The Namokar Mantra may abbreviated to Oṃ Namaḥ Siddhanam (6 syllables), Om Nhi (2 syllables), or just Om (1 syllable) in Jain literature. Namokar Mantra In Brahmi Script Abbreviations įurther information: Om § Jainism, and Jain symbols § Om Maṅgalā ṇaṁ ca savvēsiṁ, paḍamama havaī maṅgalaṁĪnd, of all auspicious mantras, (it) is indeed the foremost auspicious one. This five-fold salutation completely destroys all the sins. Ēsō pan̄ca ṇamōkkārō, savva pāvappaṇāsaṇō The importance of it as a mantra in texts, traditions, rituals and meditation arose thereafter. The last four lines about phala-prashashti (benefits of chanting) are not older than 6th century CE and are not found in any older works, according to Dhaky. So the three lines regarding Acharya, Upadhyaya and Sadhu must have been added later. Composed around the beginning of the Common Era, Chattarimangalam Stotra mentions only Arhat, Siddha, Sadhu and Kevalipragnapti Dharma ( Dharma as prescribed by Omniscients) as four chief auspicious. Shatkandagam (circa 475-525 CE) and later Visheshavashyakbhashyavritti (circa 725 CE) and Anuyogadwarasuchi shows नमो (Namo) replaced with more Prakit णमो (Namo). In condensed edition of Avashyakasutra (dated circa last quarter of 5th century), the नं is also replaced with णं as well as अरहंत (Arahant) with अरिहंत (Arihant). ![]() This version also replaces Ardhamagadhi नं with Maharashtrian Prakrit णं. The Namaskara Mantra with all Pañca-Parameṣṭhi (five supreme souls) was first mentioned in the auspicious opening lines in the condensed edition of Vyākhyāprajñapti. ![]() Dhaky, these two lines were originally used as mangala (auspicious opening lines) in written works and rituals then. It was inscribed by the Jain monarch Kharavela of Kalinga kingdom. The Hathigumpha inscription dated between 2nd century BCE to 1st century CE starts with Namo Arahantanam ( नमो अरहंतानं) and Namo Save Sidhanam ( नमो सवे सिधानं), the first two lines of Namokar Mantra. In Kushana and Shaka periods of 1st century CE to the first quarter of 2nd century, only the first line was prevalent. History Hathigumpha inscription by King Khāravela at Udayagiri HillsĪ short inscription (dated 200 BCE to 100 BCE) found in Pale Caves in Maharashtra mentions Namo Arahatanam ( नमो अरहतानं) or Namo Arahantanam ( नमो अरहंतानं), only the first line of Namokara Mantra. ![]() The mantra is also variously referred to as the Pancha Namaskāra Mantra, Namaskāra Mantra, Navakāra Mantra, Namaskāra Mangala or Paramesthi Mantra. This is the first prayer recited by the Jains while meditating. The Ṇamōkāra mantra or Navkar Mantra is the most significant mantra in Jainism, and one of the oldest mantras in continuous practice.
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